Adherence to Mediterranean diet and risk of cancer

Autor(en)

Lukas Schwingshackl, Georg Hoffmann

Abstrakt

The aim of this research study was to meta-analyze the effects of adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) on overall cancer risk, and different cancer types. Literature search was performed using the electronic databases MEDLINE, SCOPUS and EMBASE until January 10, 2014. Inclusion criteria were cohort or case-control studies. Study specific risk ratios (RRs) were pooled using a random effect model by the Cochrane software package Review Manager 5.2. Twenty-one cohort studies including 1,368,736 subjects and 12 case-control studies with 62,725 subjects met the objectives and were enclosed for meta-analyses. The highest adherence to MD category resulted in a significantly risk reduction for overall cancer mortality/incidence (cohort; RR: 0.90, 95% CI 0.86-0.95, p <0.0001; I-2=55%), colorectal (cohort/case-control; RR: 0.86, 95% CI 0.80-0.93, p <0.0001; I-2 = 62%], prostate (cohort/case-control; RR: 0.96, 95% CI 0.92-0.99, p=0.03; I-2=%) and aerodigestive cancer (cohort/case-control; RR: 0.44, 95% CI 0.26-0.77, p50.003; I-2=83%). Nonsignificant changes could be observed for breast cancer, gastric cancer and pancreatic cancer. The Egger regression tests provided limited evidence of substantial publication bias. High adherence to a MD is associated with a significant reduction in the risk of overall cancer mortality (10%), colorectal cancer (14%), prostate cancer (4%) and aerodigestive cancer (56%).

Organisation(en)

Department für Ernährungswissenschaften, Institut für Lehrer*innenbildung

Journal

International Journal of Cancer

Band

135

Seiten

1884-1897

Anzahl der Seiten

14

ISSN

0020-7136

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.28824

Publikationsdatum

10-2014

Peer-reviewed

Ja

ÖFOS 2012

303009 Ernährungswissenschaften

Schlagwörter

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Oncology, Cancer Research

Sustainable Development Goals

SDG 3 – Gesundheit und Wohlergehen

Link zum Portal

https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/adherence-to-mediterranean-diet-and-risk-of-cancer(eb370856-2452-447f-8054-322d3cc6dec1).html