A Comparison of the Impact of Restrictive Diets on the Gastrointestinal Tract of Mice

Autor(en)
Andras Gregor, Laura Huber, Sandra Auernigg-Haselmaier, Felix Sternberg , Magdalena Billerhart, Andreas Dunkel, Veronika Somoza, Manfred Ogris, Valter Longo, Jürgen König, Kalina Duszka, Barbara Kofler
Abstrakt

The rate of gut inflammatory diseases is growing in modern society. Previously, we showed that caloric restriction (CR) shapes gut microbiota composition and diminishes the expression of inflammatory factors along the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. The current project aimed to assess whether prominent dietary restrictive approaches, including intermittent fasting (IF), fasting-mimicking diet (FMD), and ketogenic diet (KD) have a similar effect as CR. We sought to verify which of the restrictive dietary approaches is the most potent and if the molecular pathways responsible for the impact of the diets overlap. We characterized the impact of the diets in the context of several dietary restriction-related parameters, including immune status in the GI tract; microbiota and its metabolites; bile acids (BAs); gut morphology; as well as autophagy-, mitochondria-, and energy restriction-related parameters. The effects of the various diets are very similar, particularly between CR, IF, and FMD. The occurrence of a 50 kDa truncated form of occludin, the composition of the microbiota, and BAs distinguished KD from the other diets. Based on the results, we were able to provide a comprehensive picture of the impact of restrictive diets on the gut, indicating that restrictive protocols aimed at improving gut health may be interchangeable.

Organisation(en)
Department für Ernährungswissenschaften, Department für Pharmazeutische Wissenschaften
Externe Organisation(en)
Veterinärmedizinische Universität Wien, Technische Universität München, University of South Carolina, Columbia, Paracelsus Medizinische Privatuniversität (PMU)
Journal
Nutrients
Band
14
Anzahl der Seiten
21
ISSN
2072-6643
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14153120
Publikationsdatum
08-2022
Peer-reviewed
Ja
ÖFOS 2012
106023 Molekularbiologie
Schlagwörter
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete
Food Science, Nutrition and Dietetics
Link zum Portal
https://ucris.univie.ac.at/portal/de/publications/a-comparison-of-the-impact-of-restrictive-diets-on-the-gastrointestinal-tract-of-mice(2ebace07-93e3-4f74-ad25-66f4c9e8da16).html