The sensitivity of biomarkers for genotoxicity and acute cytotoxicity in nasal and buccal cells of welders

Autor(en)
Georg Wultsch, Armen Nersesyan, Michael Kundi, Robert Jakse, Alfred Beham, Karl-Heinz Wagner, Siegfried Knasmueller
Abstrakt

Welders are inhalatively exposed to fumes which contain genotoxic carcinogens and it was found in epidemiological studies that they have increased cancer rates which may be causally related to DNA damage. In order to assess their health risks and to find out which chemicals cause the adverse effects, bioassays can be performed which enable the detection of genetic damage. The aim of the present study was a comparative investigation with exfoliated buccal and nasal cells in regard to induction of chromosomal alterations and acute cytotoxicity in welders and unexposed controls (n=22 per group). To elucidate the factors which account for genotoxic and cytotoxic effects, additional biochemical parameters were monitored reflecting the redox status as well as concentrations of different metals and 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) in body fluids. We found in the nasal cells significant induction of alterations which are indicative for DNA damage, i.e. of micronuclei (MNi) and nuclear buds, while elevated rates of nuclear anomalies reflecting cytotoxic effects (condensed chromatin, karyorrhexis, karyolylsis) were detected in cells from both organs. The levels of certain metals (Cr, Cu, Mn, Mo, Ni), but not markers of oxidative damage were significantly higher in the body fluids of the welders. Multivariate Poisson regression analyses indicate that exposure to Mo (15% MNi increase by one standard deviation increase of Mo in serum), Ni (9% increase) and Mn (14% increase) are positively associated with the induction of MNi in nasal cells while Ni was associated with cytotoxic effects in both types of cells (12 and 16% increase). Taken together, our findings indicate that epithelial cells from the respiratory tract are suitable for the detection of DNA-damaging and cytotoxic effects in welders and can be used to assess health risks associated with genomic instability.

Organisation(en)
Department für Ernährungswissenschaften, Institut für Psychologie der Kognition, Emotion und Methoden
Externe Organisation(en)
Medizinische Universität Wien, Privatklinik Lees, Medizinische Universität Graz
Journal
International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health
Band
217
Seiten
492-498
Anzahl der Seiten
7
ISSN
1438-4639
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheh.2013.09.005
Publikationsdatum
04-2014
Peer-reviewed
Ja
ÖFOS 2012
501001 Allgemeine Psychologie, 303009 Ernährungswissenschaften
Schlagwörter
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
Sustainable Development Goals
SDG 3 – Gesundheit und Wohlergehen
Link zum Portal
https://ucrisportal.univie.ac.at/de/publications/the-sensitivity-of-biomarkers-for-genotoxicity-and-acute-cytotoxicity-in-nasal-and-buccal-cells-of-welders(013c5d08-41f0-4409-9329-627f93602c37).html