Effects of elastic band resistance training and nutritional supplementation on physical performance of institutionalised elderly - A randomized controlled trial

Autor(en)

Stefan Oesen, Barbara Halper, Marlene Hofmann, Waltraud Jandrasits, Bernhard Franzke, Eva-Maria Strasser, Alexandra Graf, Harald Tschan, Norbert Bachl, Michael Quittan, Karl-Heinz Wagner, Barbara Wessner

Abstrakt

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effects of elastic band resistance training in combination with nutrient supplementation on muscular strength and the ability to perform mobility-related activities of daily living in older adults living in retirement care facilities.

DESIGN: Randomized controlled trial, with a 6-months intervention period

SETTING: A retirement care facility, Vienna, Austria PARTICIPANTS: One hundred and seventeen older adults (14 males (12%) and 103 females (88%)), aged 65 to 97 years (mean age: 82.8±6.0), having a mini-mental state examination score≥23 and no chronic diseases posing a medical contraindication to training therapy.

INTERVENTION: Participants were randomly assigned, but stratified by sex, to one of three intervention groups: supervised resistance exercise training (RT), RT in combination with nutrient supplementation (RTS), or cognitive training group (CT). All interventions were performed two times a week for 6 months. RT was designed to train all major muscle groups using elastic bands. The nutrient supplement (rich in proteins, vitamin D, B2, B12) was distributed every morning as well as after each RT session.

MEASUREMENTS: A battery of motor ability tests and functional test were performed prior to as well as following 3 months and finally after 6 months of intervention. These tests included isokinetic torque measurements of the knee extensors and flexors in concentric mode at 60 and 120 °/s, isometric handgrip strength, senior arm-lifting test, chair stand test, maximum walking speed and 6-minute walking test (6MWT).

RESULTS: A repeated-measures ANOVA analysis revealed significant improvements in physical function of lower (p=0.002) and upper extremities (p=0.006) for RT and/or RTS in comparison to CT. For isokinetic measurements, 6MWT, and gait speed time effects (p<0.05) were detected without any group x time interaction effects. Dropouts showed lower performance in chair stand test (p=0.012), 6MWT (p=0.003), and gait speed (p=0.013) at baseline than finishers of the study.

CONCLUSION: Six months of a low intensity resistance exercise using elastic bands and the own body weight is safe and beneficial in improving functional performance of institutionalised older people. Multinutrient supplementation did not offer additional benefits to the effects of RT in improving muscular performance.

Organisation(en)

Forschungsplattform Active Ageing, Institut für Sport- und Bewegungswissenschaft, Department für Ernährungswissenschaften

Externe Organisation(en)

Sozialmedizinisches Zentrum Süd – Kaiser-Franz-Josef-Spital, Medizinische Universität Wien

Journal

Experimental Gerontology

Band

Seiten

99-108

Anzahl der Seiten

ISSN

0531-5565

DOI

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exger.2015.08.013

Publikationsdatum

12-2015

Peer-reviewed

ÖFOS 2012

303028 Sportwissenschaft, 302020 Gerontologie

Schlagwörter

ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete

Genetics, Endocrinology, Ageing, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Cell Biology

Link zum Portal

https://ucris.univie.ac.at/portal/de/publications/effects-of-elastic-band-resistance-training-and-nutritional-supplementation-on-physical-performance-of-institutionalised-elderly--a-randomized-controlled-trial(6b5992d0-0a8d-4aba-9189-651b608f0f24).html